Knowledge Center
We believe that sharing our expertise and collaborations in clean energy policy is how real, effective change happens.
From reports and policy briefs, to webinars and podcasts—RAP advisors have built an extensive collection of resources providing in-depth analysis and practical solutions to today’s energy challenges.
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Half of Americans live in areas violating national health-based air quality standards. Coal- and gas-fired power plants are important contributors to the problem. The Clean Air Act has historically addressed power plants through regulation of smokestack emissions, employing “stovepiped,” pollutant-by-pollutant… View Summary +
This paper shows that, in several jurisdictions around the world, electricity utilities employ end-use energy efficiency as a resource in meeting their customers’ needs for energy services. Energy efficiency is seen as a cost-effective alternative to investing in supply-side resources,… View Summary +
This workbook is intended to serve as an illustrative model that shows how groups of energy efficiency measures can be bundled together to reduce energy demand, energy use in general, and ultimately the emissions that result from conventional power generation. View Summary +
The European Union’s (EU) Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Directive (2009/31/EC) establishes a legal framework for the environmentally safe geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) to contribute to mitigating climate change. In March 2013, the European Commission launched a consultative… View Summary +
Renewable energy is one of the four building blocks outlined in the EPA’s Clean Power Plan, and states are likely to rely upon the production of renewable energy as a part of their efforts to control carbon in the electric… View Summary +
This paper examines revenue regulation, popularly known as decoupling, and the various elements of revenue regulation that can be assembled in numerous ways based on state priorities and preferences to eliminate the throughput incentive. This publication focuses on six utilities:… View Summary +
The publication of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) proposed rule to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from existing power plants under section 111(d) of the federal Clean Air Act in the Federal Register on June 18, 2014, marks the… View Summary +
The Regulatory Assistance Project (RAP) recently called for a fresh look at standby rates for combined heat and power (CHP) systems, and demonstrated how poorly-designed standby rates can impede the adoption of CHP resources, while well-designed rates can encourage these… View Summary +
Agora Energiewende hat in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Regulatory Assistance Project (RAP) eine Kurzstudie bei Ecofys erstellen lassen. Ergebnis ist, eine Umstellung der EEG-Umlage, hin zu einer dynamischen Bepreisung in Abhängigkeit vom Spotmarkt der Strombörse ist vorteilhaft. Die Integration der Erneuerbaren… View Summary +
This short policy brief dispels the myth that electricity portfolios with high penetrations of variable renewable resources threaten reliability. The authors review eight recent studies commissioned by utilities, governments, and non-governmental organizations to address this issue, and find that none… View Summary +
As installed solar photovoltaic grows at unprecedented rates, the role of the electricity consumer is fundamentally changing. Customers are transitioning from being passive recipients of utility services to being active participants in both providing and receiving grid services. Distributed generation… View Summary +
This paper encapsulates work derived from workshops in Europe in 2012 on setting future tariffs for distribution system operators (DSOs), particularly when it comes to incentivizing smart grid, distributed generation, and demand response. It also serves as a foundation document… View Summary +
Delivering investment for a reliable power supply to consumers at a reasonable cost has always been a central objective of power market design, and various approaches to this challenge have been adopted in Europe and elsewhere. Where a competitive wholesale… View Summary +