This paper, on electric power sector reforms and China’s development, was presented at the Energy Strategy and Technology for Sustainable Development Session of the International Conference on Engineering and Technological Science in Beijing, China. The goal of the paper is to show that there is no doubt that the use of electricity will grow rapidly as China’s economy grows. Lessons learned from experience in the US and other countries show that there are a handful of policy options which can assure that China expands and reforms this sector and the economy it fuels in a sustainable fashion.