On April 3, 2012, Lisa Schwartz (RAP), Michael Milligan (NREL) and Kevin Porter (Exeter Associates) summarized the draft paper for Western Governors’ Association on ways to reduce integration costs for wind and solar in the Western U.S., the benefits and implementation barriers, and recommendations for consideration by states. The presentation was made at a joint meeting of the State-Provincial Steering Committee and Committee for Regional Electric Power Cooperation.