Energy efficiency is the cornerstone of clean energy policy and a critical tool for states developing a compliance plan for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Clean Power Plan. In the second part of a two-day workshop for the New Jersey Board of Public Utilities, Richard Sedano and David Littell explored the goals, options, and models regulators should consider when implementing and administering energy efficiency programs.The success of energy efficiency programs hinges upon strong leadership and a commitment to clarity and accountability by public officials to ensure consumer acceptance. Mr. Sedano drew on experiences with New York’s “Reforming the Energy Vision” (REV) initiative to highlight some of the questions facing regulators. Properly implemented, the multifaceted benefits of energy efficiency programs can support resource acquisition and reliability, market transformation, environmental compliance and quality, economic development, and other public policy objectives.