Eoin Lees, RAP senior advisor, provided a beginner’s guide to energy efficiency obligations (EEO) at the European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy’s 2013 Summer Study, a biennial, interdisciplinary conference. Drawing on RAP’s long experience, he demonstrated the power of EEOs as a policy capable of delivering cost-effective energy savings. EEOs are flexible and can be adapted to local circumstances in new member states considering how to meet the EU’s Energy Efficiency Directive.