The European Union’s (EU) Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Directive (2009/31/EC) establishes a legal framework for the environmentally safe geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) to contribute to mitigating climate change. In March 2013, the European Commission launched a consultative Communication on the Future of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in Europe, with the aim of initiating a debate on the options available to ensure the timely development of CCS technology. In its response to this consultation, RAP recommended that a well-designed CO2 emissions performance standard (EPS) could effectively complement the European Union (EU) Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS). RAP’s response to the current consultation, on the review of the EU CCS Directive, reiterates this main recommendation. An EPS would help manage disinvestment in the most carbon intensive plant and provide a strong investment signal for CCS — two needed outcomes that the ETS on its own is unlikely to be able to provide no matter how it is reformed. RAP also recommends that public support for CCS commercialisation should be initially focussed on energy-intensive industry rather than the power sector as few options are available to industry whereas a number of lower cost, low-carbon alternatives are available to the power sector.