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Knowledge Center
We believe that sharing our expertise and collaborations in clean energy policy is how real, effective change happens.
From reports and policy briefs, to webinars and podcasts—RAP advisors have built an extensive collection of resources providing in-depth analysis and practical solutions to today’s energy challenges.
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With the European Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Regulation (AFIR) now in force, national, regional and local authorities need to get EV grid integration right from the outset. Smart charging can help integrate more renewables, use existing grid infrastructure more efficiently to… View Summary +
![First page of smart charging infographic](https://www.raponline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/RAP-7-2024-smart-charging-infographic_Page_1-680x420.jpg)
A fast-growing market for electric vehicles and the nation’s commitment to achieving a net-zero emission economy by 2053 will require Türkiye to prepare its power grids for the EV transition. Authors from SHURA Energy Transition Center partnered with RAP and… View Summary +
![Electric vehicle charging station in Turkey in front of cityscape](https://www.raponline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/ev-grid-integration-turkey-2024-featured-image-680x420.jpg)
Policymakers across the globe are searching for solutions to reduce the use of fossil fuels and their associated climate impacts. Attention has focused on the heating sector, which relies heavily on fossil fuels and was responsible for almost 40% of… View Summary +
![Bright colorful building in Budapest, Hungary](https://www.raponline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/clean-heat-standards-handbook-cover-2024-featured-image-680x420.jpg)
(A summary version of this paper is also available.) An increasing number of national, state and local government leaders recognize that rapidly decarbonizing the electricity grid is necessary to slow the disruptive effects of a changing climate. At the… View Summary +
![Young woman gesturing to large computer screen showing wind and solar energy](https://www.raponline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/renewables-woman-screen-iStock-1402667894.jpg)
(A technical version of this paper, with four detailed appendices, is also available.) An increasing number of national, state and local government leaders recognize that rapidly decarbonizing the electricity grid is necessary to slow the disruptive effects of a… View Summary +
![Young woman gesturing to large computer screen showing wind and solar energy](https://www.raponline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/renewables-woman-screen-iStock-1402667894.jpg)
Slovakia’s climate plans call for decarbonising buildings, shifting to clean technologies and reducing energy consumption. Fossil fuels currently provide 45% of heat and hot water in buildings, with biofuels and district heating — also fossil-fuel based — making significant additional… View Summary +
![View of snow covered mountains in Slovakia](https://www.raponline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Slovakia-report-ostap-senyuk-krp9O-SbTTA-unsplash-680x420.jpeg)
Stellungnahme zum Eckpunktepapier der Bundesnetzagentur Die gestiegenen Kosten des Stromnetzausbaus machen sich zunehmend in den Netzentgelten bemerkbar, die Bestandteil jeder Stromrechnung sind. Auswertungen zeigen, dass die verdichteten, städtischen Netzregionen günstiger sind als die ländlichen Netze. Aufgrund der Korrelation der Netzkosten… View Summary +
Electrifying long-haul freight across Europe can dramatically reduce emissions from transport to help meet climate goals. To advance the use of electric trucks, Member States will need to build more high-capacity charging, or ‘megawatt charging,’ infrastructure along core freight corridors. View Summary +
![Electric lorries at megawatt charging site](https://www.raponline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/etruck-charging-milence-2024-featured-image-680x420.jpg)
A power purchase agreement (PPA) is a contract used by a purchasing entity to procure electricity from a project developer. This contract specifies the volume and price of the energy purchased and the duration of the agreement. “Renewables PPAs” specifically… View Summary +
![Photovoltaic solar panels plant ground mounted with central inverters](https://www.raponline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/RAP-Energy-Cities-PPA-680x420.jpg)
In this Power System Blueprint deep dive, Dominic Scott and Monika Morawiecka discuss the merits of different types of two-sided contracts for difference (CfDs). Written in the style of a three-act Shakespearian play, the authors take a look at… View Summary +
![Shakespeare quote that says: "See first the design is wise and just; that ascertained, pursue it resolutely."](https://www.raponline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/RAP-DD4-Shakespeare680x420-680x420.png)
Electric vehicles (EVs) can do more than simply transport people or goods from place to place. Through smart charging and bidirectional charging, their batteries can become an important societal resource. When these EV batteries are charged matters. Smart charging —… View Summary +
![Woman plugging in electric charger into car](https://www.raponline.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/CoverImage_bidirectionalchargingEVs-680x420.jpg)
The European energy sector is facing a triple challenge: ensuring a speedy and cost-efficient rollout of renewables, protecting consumers from price shocks and safeguarding security of supply. As the 2022 energy crisis showed, political acceptance of high electricity prices is… View Summary +
![Solar panels and wind turbines in a field.](https://www.raponline.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Blueprint-CfDs1-680x420.jpg)
States are increasingly confronting the reality that burning fossil fuels for heat creates cost burdens for their residents, particularly for low-income households and struggling small businesses, while harming health and the environment. Importing those fuels imposes a drain on the… View Summary +
![Man in blue hardhat working on heat pumps](https://www.raponline.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/web-man-heat-pump-MD-clean-heat-shutterstock_2291908151.jpg)
Fossil-fueled appliances in buildings are a significant source of emissions, not only of greenhouse gases but also pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), which are responsible for a variety of air and water quality and health problems. In a webinar… View Summary +